Archives of Psychiatric Nursing
Volume 20, Issue 5 , Pages 217-225 , October 2006

Outcomes of Antipsychotic Drug Use in Community-Dwelling Elders With Dementia

  • Ann Kolanowski

      Affiliations

    • School of Nursing, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress reprint requests to Ann Kolanowski, PhD, RN, FAAN, Associate Professor, School of Nursing, 201 Health and Human Development Building, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802-3506.
  • ,
  • Donna Fick

      Affiliations

    • School of Nursing, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
  • ,
  • Jennifer L. Waller

      Affiliations

    • Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA
  • ,
  • Frank Ahern

      Affiliations

    • Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA

References 

  1. Alexopoulos GS, Streim J, Carpenter D, Docherty JP. Using antipsychotic agents in older patients. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 2004;65(Suppl 2):5–99
  2. American Society of Health System Pharmacists . AHFS drug information. Bethesda, MD: ASHSP; 2005;
  3. Baldwin RC, Gallagley A, Gourlay M, Jackson A, Burns A. Prognosis of late life depression: A three-year cohort study of outcome and potential predictors. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. 2006;21:57–63
  4. Ballard CG, Thomas A, Fossey J, Lee L, Jacoby R, Lana MM, et al. A 3-month, randomized, placebo-controlled, neuroleptic discontinuation study in 100 people with dementia: The neuropsychiatric inventory median cutoff is a predictor of clinical outcome. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 2004;65:114–119
  5. Buchanan RJ, Wang S, Ju H, Graber D. Analyses of gender differences in profiles of nursing home residents with Alzheimer's disease. Gender Medicine. 2004;1:48–59
  6. Centorrino F, Albert MJ, Drago-Ferrante G, Koukopoulos AE, Berry JM, Baldessarini RJ. Delirium during clozapine treatment: Incidence and associated risk factors. Pharmacopsychiatry. 2003;36:156–160
  7. Charlson ME, Pompei P, Ales KL, MacKenzie CR. A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: Development and validation. Journal of Chronic Diseases. 1987;40:373–383
  8. Cohen-Mansfield J, Marx MS, Rosenthal AS. A description of agitation in a nursing home. Journal of Gerontology, Series A Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences. 1989;44A:M77–M84
  9. Donaldson C, Tarrier N, Burns A. The impact of the symptoms of dementia on caregivers. British Journal of Psychiatry. 1997;170:62–68
  10. Doody RS, Stevens JC, Beck C, Dubinsky RM, Kaye JA, Gwyther L, et al. Practice parameter: Management of dementia (an evidence-based review). Report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology. 2001;56:1154–1166
  11. Dyer CB, Pavlik VN, Murphy KP, Hyman DJ. The high prevalence of depression and dementia in elder abuse or neglect. Journal of the American Geriatric Society. 2000;48:205–208
  12. Everitt DE, Fields DR, Soumerai SS, Avorn J. Resident behavior and staff distress in the nursing home. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 1991;39:792–798
  13. Fialova D, Topinkova E, Gambassi G, Finne-Soveri H, Jonsson PV, Carpenter I, et al. Potentially inappropriate medication use among elderly home care patients in Europe. Journal of the American Medical Association. 2005;293:1348–1358
  14. Flaherty JH, Perry HM, Lynchard GS, Morley JE. Polypharmacy and hospitalization among older home care patients. Journal of Gerontology. Series A Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences. 2000;55:M554–M559
  15. Food Drug Administration . FDA issues public health advisory for antipsychotic drugs used for treatment of behavioral disorders in elderly patients. Retrieved on February 6, 2006, from http://www.fda.gov/bbs/topics/ANSWERS/2005/ANS01350.html2005;
  16. Galynker II, Roane DM, Miner CR, Feinberg TE, Watts P. Negative symptoms in patients with Alzheimer's disease. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. 1995;3:52–59
  17. Gill SS, Rochon PA, Herrmann N, Lee PE, Sykora K, Gunraj N, et al. Atypical antipsychotic drugs and risk of ischaemic stroke: Population based retrospective cohort study. British Medical Journal. 2005;330:445
  18. Hebert LE, Beckett LA, Scherr PA, Evans DA. Annual incidence of Alzheimer disease in the United States projected to the years 2000 through 2050. Alzheimer Disease and Associated Disorders. 2001;15:169–173
  19. Jensen GL, Friedmann JM, Coleman CD, Smiciklas-Wright H. Screening for hospitalization and nutritional risks among community-dwelling older persons. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2001;74:201–205
  20. Katz IR, Rupnow M, Kozma C, Schneider L. Risperidone and falls in ambulatory nursing home residents with dementia and psychosis or agitation: Secondary analysis of a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. 2004;12:499–508
  21. Kolanowski AM, Fick D, Waller JL, Shea D. Spouses of persons with dementia: Their healthcare problems, utilization, and costs. Research in Nursing & Health. 2004;27:296–306
  22. Lamb SE, Jorstad-Stein EC, Hauer K, Becker C. Development of a common outcome data set for fall injury prevention trials: The prevention of falls network Europe consensus. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 2005;53:1618–1622
  23. Lambert BL, Chou CH, Chang KY, Tafesse E, Carson W. Antipsychotic exposure and type 2 diabetes among patients with schizophrenia: A matched case–control study of California Medicaid claims. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety. 2005;14:417–425
  24. Landi F, Onder G, Cesari M, Barillaro C, Russo A, Bernabei R. Psychotropic medications and risk for falls among community-dwelling frail older people: An observational study. Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences. 2005;60:622–626
  25. Liperoti R, Mor V, Lapane KL, Pedone C, Gambassi G, Bernabei R. The use of atypical antipsychotics in nursing homes. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 2003;64:1106–1112
  26. Mayeux R, Sano M. Treatment of Alzheimer's disease. New England Journal of Medicine. 1999;341:1670–1679
  27. Mitchell J, Mathews HF, Hunt LM, Cobb KH, Watson RW. Mismanaging prescription medications among rural elders: The effects of socioeconomic status, health status, and medication profile indicators. Gerontologist. 2001;41:348–356
  28. Murman DL, Chen Q, Powell MC, Kuo SB, Bradley CJ, Colenda CC. The incremental direct costs associated with behavioral symptoms in AD. Neurology. 2002;59:1721–1729
  29. Profenno LA, Tariot PN. Pharmacologic management of agitation in Alzheimer's disease. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders. 2004;17:65–77
  30. Rapoport M, Mamdani M, Shulman KI, Herrmann N, Rochon PA. Antipsychotic use in the elderly: Shifting trends and increasing costs. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. 2005;20:749–753
  31. Sink KM, Holden KF, Yaffe K. Pharmacological treatment of neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia: A review of the evidence. Journal of the American Medical Association. 2005;293:596–608
  32. Starkstein SE, Jorge R, Mizrahi R, Robinson RG. The construct of minor and major depression in Alzheimer's disease. American Journal of Psychiatry. 2005;162:2086–2093
  33. Sultzer DL. Psychosis and antipsychotic medications in Alzheimer's disease: Clinical management and research perspectives. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders. 2004;17:78–90
  34. Taggart L, McCammon S, Allred L, Horner R, May H. Effect of patient and physician gender on prescriptions for psychotropic drugs. Journal of Women's Health. 1993;2:353–357
  35. Teri L, Logsdon RG, Peskind E, Raskind M, Weiner M, Tractenberg RE, et al. Treatment of agitation in Alzheimer's disease: An investigation of haloperidol, trazodone and behavior management techniques. Research and Practice in Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias. 2001;5:27–31
  36. van Schoor NM, Smit JH, Twisk JW, Bouter LM, Lips P. Prevention of hip fractures by external hip protectors: a randomized. JAMA. 2003;289(15):1957–1962
  37. Veehof LJ, Stewart RE, Meyboom-de Jong B, Haaijer-Ruskamp FM. Adverse drug reactions and polypharmacy in the elderly in general practice. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 1999;55:533–536
  38. Wang PS, Schneeweiss S, Avorn J, Fischer MA, Mogun H, Solomon DH, et al. Risk of death in elderly users of conventional vs atypical antipsychotic medications. New England Journal of Medicine. 2005;353:2335–2341
  39. Wooltorton E. Olanzapine (Zyprexa): Increased incidence of cerebrovascular events in dementia trials. Canadian Medical Association Journal. 2004;170:1395

 This study was supported by a grant from the Children, Youth, and Family Studies Center, Penn State University and Blue Cross/Blue Shield of Georgia.

PII: S0883-9417(06)00090-2

doi: 10.1016/j.apnu.2006.04.004

Archives of Psychiatric Nursing
Volume 20, Issue 5 , Pages 217-225 , October 2006