Archives of Psychiatric Nursing
Volume 23, Issue 3 , Pages 251-260 , June 2009

Loss and Grief in Patients With Schizophrenia: On Living in Another World

  • Maria Mauritz

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding Author: Maria W. Mauritz, RN, MScN, Manager of the Support and Psychosis Programme, GGNet Zevenaar, PO Box 2003, 7230 GC Warnsveld, The Netherlands.
  • ,
  • Berno van Meijel

References 

  1. Addington J, Williams J, Young J, Addington D. Suicidal behaviour in early psychosis. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. 2004;109:116–120
  2. In:  Amador XF,  David AS editor. Insight and psychosis. New York: Oxford University Press; 1998;
  3. American Psychiatric Association. . Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 4th ed., text revision. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2000;
  4. American Psychiatric Association. . Practice guideline for the assessment and treatment of patients with suicidal behaviors. Arlington: author; 2003;
  5. Andreasen NC, Flaum C, Arndt S. The comprehensive assessment of symptoms and history (CASH): An instrument for assessing psychopathology and diagnosis. Archives of General Psychiatry. 1992;49:615–623
  6. Appelo MT, Slooff CJ, Woonings FMJ, Carson J, Louwerens JW. Grief: Its significance for rehabilitation in schizophrenia. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy. 1993;1:53–59
  7. Clayton PJ. Bereavement and depression. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 1990;51:34–38
  8. de Hert M, Peuskens J. Psychiatric aspects of suicidal behaviour: Schizophrenia. In:  Hawton K,  van Heeringenm K editor. The international handbook of suicide and attempted suicide. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons; 2000;p. 121–134
  9. In:  Diepeveen F editors. Alle zestig opgenomen. Gedichten vanuit de onderkant van de psychiatrieUtrecht: Cliëntenbond; 1990;
  10. Frame L, Morrison AP. Causes of PTSD in psychosis. Archives of General Psychiatry. 2001;58:305–306
  11. Glass BC. The role of the nurse in advanced practice in bereavement care. Clinical Nurse Specialist. 1993;7:62–66
  12. Grypdonck, M. (1998). Improving the care of the chronically ill through qualitative research. Utrecht/Gent: Unpublished.
  13. Horowitz R. Psychotherapy and schizophrenia: The mirror of countertransference. Clinical Social Work Journal. 2002;30:235–244
  14. Hutchinson S. Grounded theory: The method. In:  Munhall PL,  Oiler Boyd C editor. Nursing research, a qualitative perspective. New York: National League for Nursing Press; 1993;p. 180–212
  15. Jarosinski, J. M. (2006). A life disrupted: Still lived. Dissertation. Virginia: Commonwealth University, Department Adult Health Nursing.
  16. Kukartz U. Winmax-pro '96 scientific text analysis. Users guide and reference. Berlijn: Verein zur Förderung der Ökologie im Bildingsbereich; 1996;
  17. Lewis L. Mourning, insight, and reduction of suicide risk in schizophrenia. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic. 2004;68:231–244
  18. Lewis L, Langer KG. Symbolization in psychotherapy with patients who are disabled. American Journal of Psychotherapy. 1994;2:231–239
  19. Lorencz BJ. Becoming ordinary; leaving the psychiatric hospital. In:  Morse JM,  Johnson JL editor. The illness experience, dimensions of suffering. Newbury Park: SAGE Publications; 1991;p. 140–200
  20. Mamo DC. Managing suicidality in schizophrenia. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. 2007;52:59–70
  21. McGrath ME. First person account: Where did I go?. Schizophrenia Bulletin. 1984;10:638–640
  22. Morrison AP, Frame L, Larkin W. Relationship between trauma and psychosis: Review and integration. British Journal of Clinical Psychology. 2003;42:331–353
  23. National Center for Injury Prevention and Control. . WISQARS (Web-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System). Web Page. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/ncipc/wisqars/Facts al glance2005;CDC, Accessed at April 13th 2008
  24. Palmer BA, Pankratz VS, Bostwick JM. The lifetime risk of suicide in schizophrenia: A reexamination. Archives of General Psychiatry. 2005;62:427–432
  25. Pinikahana J, Happell B. Suicide and schizophrenia: A review of literature for the decade (1990–1999) and implications for mental health nursing. Issues in Mental Nursing. 2003;24:27–43
  26. Siris SG, Docherty JP. Psychosocial management of substance abuse in schizophrenia. In:  Herz MI,  Keith SJ,  Docherty JP editor. Handbook of schizophrenia, Vol. 4: Psychosocial treatment of schizophrenia. Amsterdam: Elseviers Science Publishers; 1990;p. 339–354
  27. Strauss A, Corbin J. Basics of qualitative research. Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications; 1998;
  28. Witmann D, Keshavan M. Grief and mourning in schizophrenia. Psychiatry. 2007;70:154–166
  29. Worden JW. Grief counseling & grief therapy; a handbook for the mental health practitioner. 3rd ed.. New York: Springer Publishing Company; 2001;

 Precis: This article describes a qualitative study on the experiences of loss and grief in patients with schizophrenia.

PII: S0883-9417(08)00136-2

doi: 10.1016/j.apnu.2008.06.006

Archives of Psychiatric Nursing
Volume 23, Issue 3 , Pages 251-260 , June 2009