Archives of Psychiatric Nursing
Volume 23, Issue 6 , Pages 412-422 , December 2009

Effects on Resilience of Women Family Caregivers of Adults With Serious Mental Illness: The Role of Positive Cognitions

  • Jaclene A. Zauszniewski

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding Author: Jaclene A. Zauszniewski, PhD, RN-BC, FAAN, Kate Hanna Harvey Professor of Community Health Nursing and Associate Dean for Doctoral Education, Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106-4904.
    • ,
  • Abir K. Bekhet
    • ,
  • M. Jane Suresky

References 

  1. Acton GJ. Health-promoting self-care in family caregivers. Western Journal of Nursing Research. 2002;24(1):73–86
  2. Ahlstrom BH, Skarsater I, Danielson E. Major depression in a family: What happens and how to manage—A case study. Issues in Mental Health Nursing. 2007;28:691–706
  3. Andren S, Elmstahl S. Family caregivers' subjective experiences of satisfaction in dementia care: Aspects of burden, subjective health and sense of coherence. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Science. 2005;19:157–168
  4. Andren S, Elmstahl S. The relationship between caregiver burden, caregivers' perceived health and their sense of coherence in caring for elders with dementia. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2008;17:790–799
  5. Antonovsky A. Health, stress, and coping. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Antonovsky, A. (1993). The structure and properties of the sense of coherence scale. Social Science and Medicine. 1979;36:725–733
  6. Atienza AA, Collins R, King AC. The mediating effects of situational control on social support and mood following a stressor: A prospective study of dementia caregivers in their natural environments. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B: Psychological and social sciences. 2001;56(3):129–140
  7. Bekhet AK, Zauszniewski JA, Wykle ML. Milieu change and relocation adjustment in elders. Western Journal of Nursing Research. 2008;30(1):113–129
  8. Bengtsson-Tops A, Hansson L. The validity of Antonovsky's sense of coherence measure in a sample of schizophrenic patients living in the community. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2001;33(4):432–438
  9. Bennett JA. Mediator and moderator variables in nursing research: Conceptual and statistical differences. Research in Nursing and Health. 2000;23:415–420
  10. Berg-Weger M, Rubio DM, Tebb SS. Living with and caring for older family members: Issues related to caregiver well-being. Journal of Gerontological Social Work. 2000;33(2):47–62
  11. Biegel DE, Milligan SE, Putnam PL, Song LY. Predictors of burden among lower socioeconomic status caregivers of persons with chronic mental illness. Community Mental Health Journal. 1994;30(5):473–494
  12. Bland R, Darlington Y. The nature and sources of hope: Perspectives of family caregivers of people with serious mental illness. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care. 2002;38(2):61–68
  13. Brown W. Care recipients' psychological well-being: The role of sense of control and caregiver type. Aging and Mental Health. 2007;11(4):405–414
  14. Bye L, Partridge J. State level classification of serious mental illness: A case for a more uniform standard. Journal of Health and Social Policy. 2004;19(2):1–29
  15. DiBartolo MC. Exploring self-efficacy and hardiness in spousal caregivers of individuals with dementia. Journal of Gerontological Nursing. 2002;28(4):24–33
  16. Doornbos MM. Family caregivers and the mental health care system: Reality and dreams. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing. 2002;16(1):39–46
  17. Enns R, Reddon J, McDonald L. Indications of resilience among family members of people admitted to a psychiatric facility. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal. 1999;23(2):127–133
  18. Eriksson M, Lindstrom B. Validity of Antonovsky's sense of coherence scale: A systematic review. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. 2005;59(6):460–466
  19. Fleischman H, Klupp A. Quality of life in relatives of mentally ill people. Psychiatric Praxis. 2004;31(1):S114–S116
  20. Fortinsky RH, Kercher K, Burant CJ. Measurement and correlates of family caregiver self-efficacy for managing dementia. Aging and Mental Health. 2002;6(2):153–160
  21. Gallagher-Thompson D, Coon DW. Evidence-based psychological treatments for distress in family caregivers of older adults. Psychology and Aging. 2007;22(1):37–51
  22. Gillespie BM, Chaboyer W, Wallis M. Development of a theoretically derived model of resilience through concept analysis. Contemporary Nurse: A Journal for the Australian Nursing Profession. 2007;25(1/2):124–135
  23. Gilliam CM, Steffen AM. The relationship between caregiving self-efficacy and depressive symptoms in dementia family caregivers. Aging and Mental Health. 2006;10(2):79–86
  24. Gitlin LN. Effectiveness of home environmental interventions for individuals with dementia and family caregivers. Home Health Care Consultant. 2001;8(9):22–26
  25. Gottlieb BH, Rooney JA. Coping effectiveness: Determinants and relevance to the mental health and affect of family caregivers of persons with dementia. Aging and Mental Health. 2004;8(4):364–373
  26. Gottlieb BH, Wolfe J. Coping with family caregiving to persons with dementia: A critical review. Aging and Mental Health. 2002;6(4):325–342
  27. Hepburn K, Lewis M, Tomatore J, Sherman CW, Bremer KL. The savvy caregiver program: The demonstrated effectiveness of a transportable dementia caregiver psychoeducation program. Journal of Gerontological Nursing. 2007;33(3):30–36
  28. Iwasaki Y, Ishikawa K, Shimizu K, Miyazaki S. Coping in family caregiving for relatives with mental illness: Family responsiveness and self-nurturing. Journal of Japan Academy of Nursing Science. 2002;22(4):21–32[Abstract]
  29. Jungbauer J, Angermeyer MC. Living with a schizophrenic patient: A comparative study of burden as it affects parents and spouses. Psychiatry. 2002;65:110–123
  30. Kessler RC, Chiu WT, Demler O, Walters EE. Prevalence, severity, & comorbidity of 12-month DSM-IV Disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey replication. Archives of General Psychiatry. 2005;62:617–627
  31. Kim JS, Kaye J, Wright LK. Moderating and mediating effects in causal models. Issues in Mental Health Nursing. 2001;22:63–75
  32. Kohn-Wood LP, Wilson MN. The context of caretaking in rural areas: Family factors influencing the level of functioning of seriously mentally ill patients living at home. American Journal of Community Psychology. 2005;36(1/2):1–13
  33. Kuhn D, Fulton BR. Efficacy of an educational program for relatives of persons in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease. Journal of Gerontological Social Work. 2004;42(3/4):109–130
  34. Lim YN, Ahn Y. Burden of family caregivers with schizophrenic patients in Korea. Applied Nursing Research. 2003;16(2):110–117
  35. Lively S, Friedrich RM, Rubenstein L. The effect of disturbing illness behaviors on siblings of persons with schizophrenia. Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association. 2004;10(5):222–232
  36. Luthar SS, Brown PJ. Maximizing resilience through diverse levels of inquiry: Prevailing paradigms, possibilities, & priorities for the future. Development and Psychopathology. 2007;19:931–955
  37. Maguen S, Turcotte DM, Peterson AL, Dremsa TL, Garb HN, McNally RJ, et al. Description of risk and resilience factors among military medical personnel before deployment to Iraq. Military Medicine. 2008;173:1–9
  38. Muhlbauer S. Experience of stigma by families with mentally ill members. Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association. 2002;8:76–83
  39. Murray-Swank AB, Lucksted A, Medoff DR, Yang Y, Wohlheiter K, Dixon LB. Religiosity, psychosocial adjustment, & subjective burden of persons who care for those with mental illness. Psychiatric Services. 2006;57(3):361–365
  40. Perlick DA, Rosenheck RA, Miklowitz DJ, Chessick C, Wolff N, Kaczynski R, et al. Prevalence and correlates of burden among caregivers of patients with bipolar disorder enrolled in the systematic treatment enhancement program for bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disorder. 2007;9:262–273
  41. Pinquart M, Sorensen S. Associations of caregiver stressors and uplifts with subjective well-being and depressive mood: A meta-analytic comparison. Aging and Mental health. 2004;8(5):438–449
  42. Richardson GE. The metatheory of resilience and resiliency. Journal of Clinical Psychology. 2002;58(3):307–321
  43. Rose LE, Mallinson RK, Gerson LD. Mastery, burden, & areas of concern among family caregivers of mentally ill persons. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing. 2006;20(1):41–51
  44. Rosenbaum M. Learned resourcefulness on coping skills, self-control, and adaptive behavior. New York: Springer Publishing Company; 1990;
  45. Rosswurm MA, Larrabee JH, Zhang J. Training family caregivers of dependent elderly adults through on-site and telecommunication programs. Journal of Gerontological Nursing. 2002;28:27–38
  46. Rudnick A. Burden of caregivers of mentally ill individuals in Israel: A family participatory study. International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation. 2004;9(1):147–152
  47. Saunders JC. Families living with severe mental illness: A literature review. Issues in Mental Health Nursing. 2003;24(2):175–198
  48. Saunders JC, Byrne MM. A thematic analysis of families with schizophrenia. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing. 2002;16(5):217–223
  49. Sollerhed AC, Ejlertsson G, Apitzsch E. Predictors of strong sense of coherence and positive attitudes to physical education in adolescents. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. 2005;33:334–342
  50. Steinhardt M, Dolbier C. Evaluation of a resilience intervention to enhance coping strategies and protective factors and decrease symptomatology. Journal of American College Health. 2008;56(4):445–453
  51. Stengler-Wenzke K, Trosbach J, Dietrich S, Angermeyer MC. Experience of stigmatization by relatives of patients with obsessive compulsive disorder. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing. 2004;18(3):88–96
  52. Strang S, Strang P. Spiritual thoughts, coping, & sense of coherence in brain tumor patients and their spouses. Palliative Medicine. 2001;15:127–134
  53. Suresky MJ, Zauszniewski JA, Bekhet AK. Sense of coherence and quality of life in women family members of the seriously mentally ill. Issues in Mental Health Nursing. 2008;29:265–278
  54. Surtees PG, Wainwright NWJ, Khaw KT. Resilience, misfortune, & mortality: Evidence that sense of coherence is a marker of social stress adaptive capacity. Journal of Psychosomatic Research. 2006;61(2):221–227
  55. Teschinsky U. Living with schizophrenia: The family experience. Issues in Mental Health Nursing. 2000;21:387–396
  56. Tsang HW, Tam PK, Chan F, Cheung WM. Sources of burden on families of individuals with mental illness. International Journal of Rehabilitation Research. 2003;26(2):123–130
  57. Tusaie KR, Patterson K. Relationships among trait, situational, & comparative optimism: Clarifying concepts for a theoretically consistent and evidence-based intervention to maximize resilience. Archives of Psychiatric Nursing. 2006;20(1):144–150
  58. U.S. Census Bureau . U.S. Census Bureau Population Estimates by Demographic Characteristics. Table 2: Annual Estimates of the Population by Selected Age Groups and Sex for the United States: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2007 (NC-EST2007-02). Population Division, U.S. Census Bureau; 2008;Available at: http://www.census.gov/popest/national/asrh/NC-EST2007/NC-EST2007-02.xlsRelease Date: May 1, 2008
  59. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services . Mental Health: A Report of the Surgeon General-Chapter 2: Epidemiology of mental illness. Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Mental Health Services, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Mental Health; 1999;
  60. Van Breda AD. Resilience theory: A literature review.. Pretoria, South Africa: South African Military Health Service; 2001;Available: http://www.vanbreda.org/adrian/resilience.htm
  61. Walton-Moss B, Gerson L, Rose L. Effects of mental illness on family quality of life. Issues in Mental health Nursing. 2005;26:627–642
  62. Wang S, Rong J, Chen C, Wei S, Lin K. A study of stress, learned resourcefulness and caregiver burden among primary caregivers of schizophrenic adolescents. Journal of Nursing (China). 2007;54(5):37–47[Abstract]
  63. Wu EQ, Shi L, Birnbaum H, Hudson T, Kessler R. Annual prevalence of diagnosed schizophrenia in the USA: A claims data analysis approach. Psychological Medicine. 2006;36:1535–1540
  64. Wuerker AK. The family and schizophrenia. Issues in Mental Health Nursing. 2000;21:127–141
  65. Wynaden D, Ladzinski U, Lapsley J, Landsborough I, Butt J, Hewitt V. The caregiving experience: How much do health professionals understand?. Collegian. 2006;13(3):6–10
  66. Zauszniewski JA. Development and testing of a measure of depressive cognitions in older adults. Journal of Nursing Measurement. 1995;3(1):31–41
  67. Zauszniewski JA. The Depressive Cognition Scale: Further psychometric evaluation. Journal of Nursing Measurement. 1997;5(2):191–200
  68. Zauszniewski JA. Teaching resourcefulness skills to older adults. Journal of Gerontological Nursing. 1997;23(2):16–20
  69. Zauszniewski JA. Evaluation of a measure of learned resourcefulness in older adults. Journal of Nursing Measurement. 1997;5(1):71–86
  70. Zauszniewski JA. Resourcefulness. In:  Fitzpatrick JJ,  Wallace M editor. Encyclopedia of nursing research. New York: Spring Publishing Company; 2006;p. 256–258
  71. Zauszniewski JA, Bekhet AK, Suresky MJ. Factors associated with perceived burden, resourcefulness, & quality of life in female family members of adults with serious mental illness. Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association. 2008;14(2):125–135
  72. Zauszniewski, J. A., Bekhet, A. K., & Suresky, M. J. (in press). Relationships among stress, depressive cognitions, resourcefulness and quality of life in female relatives of seriously mentally ill adults. Issues in Mental Health Nursing.
  73. Zauszniewski JA, McDonald PE, Krafcik K, Chung C. Acceptance, cognitions, & resourcefulness in women with diabetes. Western Journal of Nursing Research. 2002;24(7):728–750
  74. Zauszniewski JA, Picot SJ, Roberts BL, Debanne SM, Wykle ML. Predictors of resourcefulness in African American women. Journal of Aging and Health. 2005;17(5):609–633
  75. Zautra AJ, Hall JS, Murray KE. Resilience: A new integrative approach to health and mental health research. Health Psychology Review. 2008;2(1):41–64

PII: S0883-9417(08)00205-7

doi: 10.1016/j.apnu.2008.12.004

Archives of Psychiatric Nursing
Volume 23, Issue 6 , Pages 412-422 , December 2009

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution