Highlights
- •Low adaptation to host culture was related to high maternal perinatal depression.
- •High maintenance of heritage culture was related to high depression early postpartum.
- •High maintenance of heritage culture was related to low depression late postpartum.
- •Increased emotional support enhanced protective effect of adaptation to host culture.
Abstract
Background
Sociocultural factors play critical roles in the mental health of marriage-based immigrant
women. However, the effect of bi-dimensional acculturation (“adaptation to host culture”
and “maintenance of heritage culture”) and social support on perinatal depression
across time was unknown among them.
Objective
To examine the effect of bi-dimensional acculturation and social support on perinatal
depression among marriage-based immigrant women in Taiwan.
Methods
This longitudinal study recruited 310 immigrant mothers to complete structured questionnaires
during pregnancy and postpartum periods. Depression was assessed using the Edinburgh
Postnatal Depression Scale. Bi-dimensional acculturation was measured using the Bi-dimensional
Acculturation Scale for Marriage-Based Immigrant Women. Social support was measured
by a three-subscale instrument, namely emotional, instrumental, and informational
support.
Results
Depression scores increased from pregnancy to three months postpartum, and decreased
from six to twelve months postpartum. The generalized estimating equation results
showed that lower adaptation to host culture, emotional support, and informational
support were associated with higher maternal depression scores over time. Maintaining
heritage culture has both positive (from pregnancy to three months postpartum) and
negative associations (from six to twelve months postpartum) with maternal depression,
further, increased emotional support enhanced the protective effect of adaptation
to host culture, but decreased the positive effect of maintenance of heritage culture
on depression.
Conclusion
Strategies should be developed to assist perinatal immigrant women to adapt to the
host culture, maintain their heritage culture, and resolve potential cultural conflicts
to decrease their depression. Respect for immigrant mothers' heritage cultures should
be accompanied by increased emotional support.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: August 13, 2022
Accepted:
August 10,
2022
Received in revised form:
August 3,
2022
Received:
February 10,
2022
Identification
Copyright
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