Highlights
- •In this article, we share the results of an experimental study on the effect of a psychoeducational program for children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.
- •We particularly focus on the development of emotion regulation and self-efficacy.
- •Our results show that it helps increase emotion regulation and self-efficacy.
Abstract
Aim
This study aimed to determine the effect of Self-Regulation Based Cognitive Psychoeducation
Program on emotion regulation and self-efficacy in children diagnosed with attention
deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and receiving medication.
Method
The sample of this study with control group and pre-test, post-test and follow-up
randomized experimental design consisted of children followed in the child and adolescent
mental health outpatient clinic of a state hospital. The data were evaluated by parametric
and non-parametric analyses.
Results
A statistically significant increase was determined in the internal functional emotion
regulation mean scores of children, who participated in the Self-Regulation Based
Cognitive Psychoeducation Program, measured before, immediately after, and 6 months
after the intervention (p < 0.05). A statistically significant increase was also found
in their external functional emotion regulation mean scores measured before and 6 months
after the intervention (p < 0.05). In addition, a statistically significant difference
was found between their internal dysfunctional and external dysfunctional emotion
regulation mean scores measured before and 6 months after the intervention; however
the mean scores of those in the control group 6 months after the intervention were
higher than those in the intervention group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, there was a statistically
significant increase in their self-efficacy mean scores measured before and 6 months
after the intervention (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
The Self-Regulation Based Cognitive Psychoeducation Program was found be effective
in increasing the levels of emotion regulation and self-efficacy in children with
ADHD.
Keywords
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to Archives of Psychiatric NursingAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
- The comparison of self-efficacy dimensions in ADHD and normal students.Open Journal of Medical Psychology. 2016; 5: 88-91https://doi.org/10.4236/ojmp.2016.54010
- Longitudinal course of deficient emotional self-regulation CBCL profile in youth with ADHD: Prospective controlled study.Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment. 2012; 8: 267https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S29670
- The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale–Parent Report: A psychometric investigation examining adolescents with and without ADHD.Assessment. 2020; 27: 921-940
- Effect size guidelines, sample size calculations, and statistical power in gerontology.Innovation in Aging. 2019; 3: igz036https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz036
- Mindfulness training as an adjunct to evidence-based treatment for ADHD within families.Journal of Attention Disorders. 2015; 19: 147-157https://doi.org/10.1177/1087054713488438
- Relative age and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Data from three epidemiological cohorts and a meta-analysis.Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. 2020; 59: 990-997https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2019.07.939
- Efficacy of an intervention program for attention and reflexivity in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Mind, Brain, and Education. 2017; 11: 64-74https://doi.org/10.1111/mbe.12136
- The pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents: Protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Systematic Reviews. 2015; 4: 1-10https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-015-0005-7
- Self-efficacy, subjective well-being and positive coping in adolescents with regard to COVID-19 lockdown.Current Psychology. 2021; : 1-12https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-01965-4
- Burden of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in Indian children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Indian Journal of Pediatrics. 2022; : 1-9https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-021-03999-9
- Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and emotion regulation over the life span.Current Psychiatry Reports. 2019; 21: 1-11https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-019-1003-6
- Positive psychology and self-efficacy: Potential benefits for college students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and learning disabilities.Journal of Postsecondary Education and Disability. 2012; 25: 119-129
- Childhood attentıon defıcit hyperactivity disorder and mental health and diseases nursing.Ege University Journal of Nursing Faculty. 2019; 35.3: 147-154
- Sex differences in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Candidate genetic and endocrine mechanisms.Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology. 2014; 35: 331-346https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yfrne.2014.03.003
- Adaptation of the regulation of emotions questionnaire (REQ) for adolescents.Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Journal. 2014; 5: 23-35
- Emotion regulation as a transdiagnostic feature in children with neurodevelopmental disorders.Current Developmental Disorders Reports. 2020; 7: 130-138https://doi.org/10.1007/s40474-020-00200-2
- Relationships of self-efficacy beliefs to executive functions, hyperactivity-impulsivity and inattention in school-aged children.Polish Journal of Applied Psychology. 2015; 13: 33-42https://doi.org/10.1515/pjap-2015-0024
- Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and children's emotion dysregulation: A meta-analysis.Clinical Psychology Review. 2016; 46: 106-123https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2016.04.011
- The OutSMARTers program for children with ADHD: A pilot study on the effects of social skills, self-regulation, and executive function training.Journal of Attention Disorders. 2017; 21: 353-364https://doi.org/10.1177/1087054713520617
- Cyberbullying involvement among students with ADHD: Relation to loneliness, self-efficacy and social support.European Journal of Special Needs Education. 2015; 30: 15-29https://doi.org/10.1080/08856257.2014.943562
- Effects of memory strategy training on performance and event-related brain potentials of children with ADHD in an episodic memory task.Neuropsychological Rehabilitation. 2016; 26: 910-941https://doi.org/10.1080/09602011.2015.1070735
- The comparison of self-efficacy beliefs of adolescents with and without Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), parents’ parental self-efficacy beliefs, and ADHD symptoms.Yeni Symposium. 2020; 58
- Effect of a solution-focused approach on self-efficacy and self-esteem in Turkish adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services. 2019; 57: 45-55https://doi.org/10.3928/02793695-20190708-01
- Impact of attention training on academic achievement, executive functioning, and behavior: A randomized controlled trial.American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities. 2017; 122: 97-117https://doi.org/10.1352/1944-7558-122.2.97
- Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), perceived competence, and self-worth: Evidence and implications for students and practitioners.in: Handbook of children with special health care needs. 2012: 47-72
- Self-regulation interventionsfor Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in the Classroom.in: Proceedings of the 22nd International RAIS Conference on Social Sciences and Humanities. Scientia Moralitas Research Institute, 2021
- The role of coping self-efficacy in emotion regulation and frequency of NSSI in young adult college students.Cogent Psychology. 2018; 5: 1520437https://doi.org/10.1080/23311908.2018.1520437
- Assessment of a conceptually informed measure of emotion dysregulation: Evidence of construct validity vis a vis impulsivity and internalizing symptoms in adolescents with ADHD.International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research. 2020; 29: 1-14https://doi.org/10.1002/mpr.1826
- Emotion regulation via the autonomic nervous system in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): Replication and extension.Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology. 2020; 48: 361-373https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-019-00593-8
- Baloğlu M. Psychology of learning. Pearson, Nobel, Ankara2015
- Effectiveness of universal self-regulation–based interventions in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis.JAMA Pediatrics. 2018; 172: 566-575https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.0232
- Educational outcomes of a collaborative school–home behavioral intervention for ADHD.School Psychology Quarterly. 2013; 28: 25https://doi.org/10.1037/spq0000016
- ADHD prevalence estimates across three decades: An updated systematic review and meta-regression analysis.International Journal of Epidemiology. 2014; 43: 434-442
- Emotion regulation intervention for complex developmental trauma: Working with street children.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences. 2014; 159: 697-701https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.12.471
- A critical review of self-regulated learning interventions for children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.Psychology in the Schools. 2018; 55: 609-628https://doi.org/10.1002/pits.22142
- Classroom interventions targeting sensory processing and executive functions of school-aged children: a systematic review comparing and contrasting different intervention approaches.Maastricht University, Maastricht2019 (Available online at: https://www. nro. nl/sites/nro/files/migrate/nroeindrapportage-405-18-637. pdf (accessed April 19, 2021))
- Self-instructional cognitive training to reduce impulsive cognitive style in children with Attention Deficit with Hyperactivity Disorder.Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology. 2015; 13: 27-46
- Emotion regulation in participants diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, before and after an emotion regulation intervention.Frontiers in Psychology. 2019; 10: 1092https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01092
- Clinical application of mindfulness-oriented meditation: A preliminary study in children with ADHD.International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17: 6916https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186916
- The relationship between executive function deficits and DSM-5-defined ADHD symptoms.Journal of Attention Disorders. 2020; 24: 41-51https://doi.org/10.1177/1087054718804347
- Social skills training for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children aged 5 to 18 years.Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2019;
- Clinical features and subjective/physiological responses to emotional stimuli in the presence of emotion dysregulation in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology. 2018; 40: 389-404https://doi.org/10.1080/13803395.2017.1353952
- The self-efficacy scale for children; a validity and reliability study.Journal of Buca Faculty of Education. 2012; 32: 169-187
- Emotion dysregulation: A theme in search of definition.Development and Psychopathology. 2019; 31: 805-815https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579419000282
- Efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy on aggressive behavior in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and emotion dysregulation: Study protocol of a randomized controlled trial.Trials. 2022; 23: 124https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-022-05996-5
Article info
Publication history
Published online: April 20, 2023
Accepted:
April 17,
2023
Received in revised form:
February 18,
2023
Received:
September 6,
2022
Identification
Copyright
© 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.