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This study was conducted to assess the reliability and validity of the Modified Engulfment
Scale (MES) which measures the impact of schizophrenia on self-concept. The concept
of engulfment offers a theoretical framework for understanding how a person's self-concept
incorporates the experience of mental illness. In a homogeneous sample of 100 outpatients
with a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-III-R diagnosis of schizophrenia
or schizoaffective disorder increased engulfment was found to correlate positively
with hopelessness and low self-esteem and negatively with self-efficacy. In addition,
clinical findings revealed that increased levels of engulfment were associated with
an earlier age of onset, a longer illness, a greater number of hospitalizations and
decreased social adjustment. These results suggest that individuals with a more severe
form of the illness are vulnerable to engulfment. The study results also show substantial
evidence for the reliability and validity of the MES.
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Article info
Footnotes
Supported in part by The Clark Institute of Psychiatry and the Registered Nurses Association of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Identification
Copyright
© 1998 W.B. Saunders Company. Published by Elsevier Inc.
